The karyotype of the genus Caudacaecilia is first reported on the basis of C. asplenia from Sabah, Malaysia. The species has 2n = 42 chromosomes, consisting of two pairs of biarmed macrochromosomes, eight pairs of biarmed microchromosomes, and 11 pairs of uniarmed microchromosomes. These karyotypic characteristics do not differ from those of Ichthyophis, the other genus of Ichthyophiidae. We also provide the first documented account of the presence of splenial teeth in larval Caudacaecilia.